Method and apparatus for inside can base reforming

ABSTRACT

An apparatus and method is shown for reforming the bottom of a container. The container is supported during processing by a container holder. A number of tooling rams each have a reforming roller supported by a pivot roller shaft that is in turn connectedly pinned to one end of a pivot arm. The opposite end of the pivot arm is connectedly pinned to an eccentric lug on a pivot base that is connected to a tooling drive shaft. The reforming roller is restrained axially by roller guide disks mounted to the tooling rams and is driven by the pivot arm such that the reforming roller travels along a circular orbital path of varying diameter in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the pivot roller shaft and having a center of curvature position coextensive with the container axis. The tooling drive shaft is supported rotatably in and moved axially with a tooling ram that moves axially toward or away from the container. Axial and rotational movement of the pivot arm is converted to radial and rotational movement of the reforming roller as a result of the pinned connections between the pivot arm and the pivot base and the pivot arm and the pivot roller shaft, and as a result of the restraint on axial movement of the reforming roller. The container holder supports the container during reforming on portions of the outer periphery of the container that are axially offset from a plane defined by the circular orbital path traveled by the reforming roller.

This is a continuation of U.S. patent application No. 08/436,819, filed May 8, 1995, now abandoned, which is a CIP of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/268,812, filed Jun. 30, 1994, now abandoned, which is a CIP of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/189,241, filed Jan. 31, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,433,098.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming an improved, reformed container bottom, with a result that the entire container is strengthened. Typically, this method and apparatus is used for reforming the bottoms of containers which have been formed of aluminum or other metal.

2. Related Art

U.S. Pat. No. 5,222,385 which is assigned to American National Can Company, Inc., (hereinafter referred to as the "ANC" patent) describes a method and apparatus for reforming the bottoms of drawn and ironed beverage containers. As stated in the ANC patent, which is herein incorporated by reference, the reforming of the can bottom results in an increase in the strength of the cans above that of prior art cans.

The apparatus of the ANC patent includes a jig for supporting a container along the entire extent of an outer annular wall of the container extending downwardly from the generally cylindrical side wall of the container, and a reforming roller that is brought into engagement with a substantially vertical wall joining a central domed portion of the container to a convex U-shaped portion that defines a flange-like ridge on the bottom of the container. The reforming roller is brought into engagement with the substantially vertical wall and rotates along an arcuate path that is in radial alignment with the mating surface between the jig and the outer annular wall of the container. This apparatus requires the provision of spring biasing means to retract the rollers after their engagement with the container. Furthermore, separate and distinct means for moving the rollers in a radially outward direction to contact the can surface at the substantially vertical wall, and for driving the reforming rollers about the arcuate path during the reforming process, are required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved method and apparatus for reforming the bottom of a container. The present invention provides an improved version of a can bottom reformer that eliminates the need for a spring biasing means; that simplifies the design by providing a single means for driving the reforming roller along an arcuate path and for actuating the reforming roller radially outwardly; that reduces variances in the dimensions of the reformed base of a container; and that eliminates the need for a large number of different jigs having different shapes to conform to containers having various lower end configurations.

Can manufacturers are constantly striving to increase productivity by increasing the number of cans that are processed per unit of time--approaching 3600 cans per minute in some cases. Such high speed processing, in combination with a requirement to hold tolerances on can base dimensions to plus or minus 0.002 inch, necessitates a means for precisely controlling the movement of the reforming roller into and out of contact with the can base. The actuating means of the present invention provides such a means.

An embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of substantially identical processing stations. Each of these processing stations includes two facing turrets, namely, a tool turret and a feed turret. The tool turret has a plurality of circumferentially spaced tooling rams. In a first embodiment, each tooling ram has a rotating cam mounting block that supports two radially extending skewed positioner cams and two parallel guide blocks, which are in turn engaged with slots in a roller mounting block that supports a reforming roller. The other of the facing turrets has a plurality of circumferentially spaced can push rams, each of which is in alignment with a respective tooling ram. A main starwheel is fixed between the two facing turrets and rotates in synchronism with them. Additionally, in-feed and out-flow starwheels are provided radially outwardly from the main starwheel and provide means for quickly and effectively transferring can bodies to and from the main starwheel between the two facing turrets. Details of a method and apparatus for transferring can bodies to and from the plurality of identical processing stations are described in pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/069,006, (hereinafter referred to as the "Bowlin et al." application) filed May 28, 1993, now abandoned, which is incorporated herein by reference, since similar means are used in the present invention.

Each can is transported into a horizontal working position aligned with a tooling ram by a starwheel. A can push ram is then actuated by a push ram drive cam to engage the open or "top" end of the aligned can to move it axially toward the tooling ram by pushing the can axially toward the reforming roller on the tooling ram. When the can push ram has reached its full stroke, the can, which is still on the starwheel, is in work position to be reformed. A can holder captures the can around the outer diameter of the cylindrical side wall of the can near the bottom of the can.

The cylindrical side wall of the can is joined by an annular arcuate portion to the outer periphery of the convex U-shaped portion of the can that defines the flange-like ridge on the bottom of the can. A wall substantially parallel to the central axis of the can (hereinafter referred to as a substantially vertical wall) joins the inner periphery of the convex U-shaped portion of the can to the central domed portion of the can. The reforming roller moves in a radially outward fashion, contacting said substantially vertical wall along an arcuate path at a fixed axial distance from the bottommost edge of the convex U-shaped portion of the can.

In the first embodiment, the reforming roller is moved radially as well as in an orbit about the central axis of the can as a result of axial and rotary movement of a cam mounting block attached to the tooling ram. In a second, preferred embodiment, the reforming roller is moved radially as well as in an orbit about the central axis of the can as a result of axial and rotary movement of a pivot arm that is pivotally attached to the tooling ram and to a pivot roller shaft rotatably supporting the reforming roller. In the preferred embodiment the can holder supports the can along part of the annular arcuate portion joining the cylindrical side wall of the can to the outer periphery of the convex U-shaped portion, and along the bottommost edge of the can. However, the can holder does not contact the can in an annular region of the outer periphery of the convex, U-shaped portion that is in radial alignment with the arcuate path traveled by the reforming roller on the substantially vertical wall connected to the inner periphery of the convex U-shaped portion.

The present invention includes an apparatus for reforming the base of a cylindrical container having a longitudinal axis, and a substantially vertical wall concentric with the longitudinal axis and extending from the base of the container to join a center domed portion of the base to a convex U-shaped ridge on the base. The apparatus according to the present invention includes means for supporting the container; a reforming roller; and a single actuating means for driving the reforming roller to orbit the longitudinal axis of the container, while moving the roller in a radially outward direction relative to the longitudinal axis, thereby bringing the roller gradually into contact with the substantially vertical wall of the container while traversing and reforming the substantially vertical wall.

The apparatus also includes means for moving the single actuating means in a direction along an axis coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the container, and means for rotating the single actuating means about the same axis. The reforming roller is rotatably supported by mounting means, with the mounting means being supported on the single actuating means. In the first embodiment according to the present invention, the mounting means for the reforming roller is free to move axially and radially relative to the single actuating means, hence having three degrees of linear freedom relative to the single actuating means. In a second, preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the mounting means for the reforming roller is pinned to the single actuating means, hence having only one degree of rotational freedom relative to the single actuating means.

Thus, the first embodiment of the present invention includes each tooling ram having an inside base reforming roller. A roller mounting block is provided for supporting the reforming roller to travel along a circular orbital path of varying diameter in a plane perpendicular to the can central axis and having a center of curvature positioned coextensive with the can central axis. Guide cams that ride along cam surfaces formed in slots in the roller mounting block are supported by a cam mounting block. A tooling drive shaft is connected to the cam mounting block and rotates the cam mounting block about its axis coextensive with the can axis. The tooling drive shaft is supported rotatably in and moved axially with a tooling drive ram assembly that moves axially along the central axis toward or away from the can.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention includes each tooling ram having an inside base reforming roller, a pivot roller shaft rotatably supporting the roller on a roller bearing interface, a pivot arm that is pinned at one end to the pivot roller shaft and pinned at the opposite end to a pivot base, with the pivot base being fixedly attached to the tooling drive shaft and the tooling drive shaft being supported rotatably in and moved axially with a tooling drive ram assembly that moves axially along the central axis toward or away from the can.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is better understood by reading the following Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing figures, in which like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout, and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a fragmentary front elevation view of the uppermost one of the processing stations of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical longitudinal cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the tooling ram of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an end view of the tooling ram taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a transverse section taken along lines 4--4 of FIG. 2 through the ball bearing assembly supporting one end of the tooling drive shaft;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the reforming roller in its fully retracted position;

FIG. 6 is cross-sectional view showing the reforming roller in its fully extended position;

FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the container holder located at the end of the tooling ram.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the working assembly according to a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a partial end view taken through the starwheel and showing three of the tooling rams circumferentially spaced in a single tool turret;

FIG. 9 is a partial front elevation view taken in the direction of arrows 9--9 in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an elevation view partially in section of a container which is suitable for treatment by the process and apparatus of the invention;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the lower left hand corner of the container of FIG. 10, prior to reforming;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the lower left hand corner of the container of FIG. 10, after reforming;

FIG. 13 is a vertical longitudinal cross-sectional view of one end of a tooling drive ram assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, showing a single actuating means in the form of a pivot arm for driving the reforming roller;

FIG. 14 is a top plan view taken in the direction of arrows 14--14 in FIG. 13; and

FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of a working assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In describing preferred embodiments of the present invention illustrated in the drawings, specific terminology is employed for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology so selected, and it is to be understood that each specific element includes all technical equivalents which operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose.

FIG. 1 shows a portion of one of the plurality of identical processing stations that constitutes the present invention. A tool drive ram assembly 20 is shown activated by reactive engagement of cam followers 22 with a fixed cam 24 (FIG. 9) so that a reforming roller 26 is contacting the inner periphery of the annular rim at the bottom of a can 28 (as shown in FIG. 2). Can 28 is held in position between the tool drive ram assembly 20 and a can push ram 30 by a conventional starwheel 40 which can optionally be a vacuum starwheel if desired. A fixed cam 31 provides the small amount of reciprocation required by push ram 30 for positioning the can bottom end for working and for permitting subsequent discharge of the can from starwheel 40.

As described in the ANC patent, and shown in FIGS. 10-12, a typical can to be worked 28 is symmetrical about a vertical axis 32. A generally cylindrical side wall 33 parallel with this vertical axis forms the panel on which graphics may be printed. An outer annular, arcuate wall 34 forms a transitional portion between this side wall 33 and a convex, U-shaped portion 35 that defines a flange-like ridge at the base of can 28. Can 28 also includes a preformed bottom wall 36 including a center domed portion 37. An annular, substantially vertical wall 38 joins domed portion 37 to convex U-shaped portion 35. This substantially vertical wall has a positive angle B sloping towards vertical axis 32 before reforming--as shown in FIG. 11. After the completion of the reforming operation that is described in detail below, substantially vertical wall 38 has a negative angle A sloping away from vertical axis 32.

The preferred embodiment of the invention employs a plurality of tool drive ram assemblies 20 each of which is supported for rotation on radial supports 18 and 19 that make up the turret which is radially mounted on a main support shaft 23, which is supported for driven rotation on the main frame 25 of the apparatus in the manner of the main shaft of the Bowlin et al. application. Each tool drive ram assembly 20 has a first end 20' and a second end 20" as shown in FIG. 2. First end 20' of tool drive ram assembly 20 is substantially cylindrical in shape and has a central axis 200 and a central axial bore 42 concentric to axis 200 passing therethrough. Ram assembly first end 20' is connected to ram assembly second end 20" by an intermediate connecting portion 44.

Cam followers 22 are secured to ram assembly second end 20" by cam follower retainer nuts 46. Cam followers 22 move along the surface of fixed cam 24 (shown in FIG. 9) as the tooling ram turret is rotated about its center support means. Movement of cam followers 22 along this cam surface causes tool drive ram assembly 20 to reciprocate along central axis 200 concentric to axial bore 42. This reciprocation moves ram assembly first end 20' toward and away from starwheel 40 and a can 28 supported thereon.

End 20' of tool drive ram assembly 20 is concentrically and slidably received within an axial bore 48 in a slide bushing 50 supported on radial support 19 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Slide bushing 50 is also substantially cylindrical in shape and has a first end 50' and a second end 50". The outer cylindrical periphery 21 of tool drive ram assembly first end 20' matingly fits closely to the inner surface of bore 48 of slide bushing 50. A smooth fit between slide bushing 50 and the tool drive ram assembly 20 is ensured by the presence of grease applied to their mating surfaces through grease fitting 52, and sealed against escaping from the space between their mating surfaces by oil seals 54 provided at each end of slide bushing 50.

As shown in FIG. 2, a tooling drive shaft 56 is concentrically mounted relative to axis 200 for rotation within ram assembly first end 20'. Tooling drive shaft 56 is located within ram assembly central axial bore 42 and has a first end 56' and a second end 56". As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, tooling drive shaft first end 56' is rotatably supported in ram assembly first end 20' by an angular contact type ball bearing assembly 58, which allows the transmittal of axial thrust forces from ram assembly 20 to a cam mounting block 60 mounted on tooling drive shaft first end 56', in a first embodiment, or to a pivot base 220, in a second embodiment. Inner race 58a of ball bearing assembly 58 is covered by bearing cap 59 (as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) and rests against a spacer 62 which separates inner bearing race 58a from an annular shoulder 61 on the cam mounting block 60, or from one side of a disk-shaped portion 220c of pivot base 220.

Tooling drive shaft second end 56" is supported in tooling ram assembly 20 by a self-aligning type ball bearing assembly 70--as shown in FIG. 2. Self-aligning ball bearing assembly 70 is separated from a shoulder 72 in ram assembly 20 by "Belleville" washers 74. Self-aligning ball bearing assembly 70 compensates for any minor misalignments between tooling drive shaft 56 and tooling ram assembly 20 and applies pre-load force to bearing 70.

As shown in FIG. 2, a pinion drive gear 76 is keyed to tooling drive shaft second end 56". Pinion drive gear 76 is held on tooling drive shaft second end 56" by a bearing lock nut 78. Pinion drive gear 76, along with each of the pinion drive gears provided on the other tooling ram assemblies of a single turret on which assembly 20 is mounted, is engaged with a single large central bull gear 80 fixedly attached to the main frame of the apparatus (FIG. 9). Tooling drive shaft 56 is rotated by the orbital rotation of pinion drive gear 76 around fixedly positioned bull gear 80 which is fixedly attached to and supported by the frame of the apparatus. Such rotation of drive shaft 56 consequently rotates cam mounting block 60, or pivot base 220.

As shown in FIG. 7, tooling drive shaft first end 56' has two circumferentially spaced, axially extending tangs 56a and 56b. These tangs are spaced 180° apart from each other and extend axially from an annular shoulder S at the tooling drive shaft first end 56'. A blind bore 57 extends axially inwardly from first end 56' of tooling drive shaft 56. Blind bore 57 is internally threaded for mating threaded engagement with a mounting screw 63 as shown in FIG. 2.

In a first embodiment, cam mounting block 60 also has two circumferentially spaced, axially extending tangs 60a and 60b as shown. Tangs 60a and 60b are spaced 180° apart from each other and are interleaved with tangs 56a and 56b of the tooling drive shaft 56 when cam mounting block 60 is connected to tooling drive shaft 56 by screw 63 as shown in FIG. 2. The central axis of cam mounting block 60 is coincident with central axis 200 of tooling drive shaft 56. Cam mounting block screw 63 is seated in an axially extending counterbore 64 (FIG. 2) of cam mounting block 60. The threaded portion of screw 63 engages with internally threaded blind bore 57 of tooling drive shaft 56.

The remaining portion of cam mounting block 60 that extends axially from cam mounting block tangs 60a and 60b, is substantially cylindrical in shape with two axially parallel flat bottom recesses 65 machined into its outer periphery and spaced 180° apart from each other, as best shown in FIG. 7. Similarly, two skewed flat bottom recesses 65' are provided on opposite sides from each other between recesses 65. Two parallel guide blocks 82 are mounted in recesses 65 and two skewed positioner cams 82' are mounted in recesses 65'. Guide blocks 82 and skewed positioner cams 82' are substantially square or rectangular in cross-section and extend radially outwardly from cam mounting block 60. Guide blocks 82 fit snugly within flat bottom recesses 65 in cam mounting block 60. Similarly, skewed positioner cams 82' are snugly fitted in skewed recesses 65' in cam mounting block 60 as shown in FIG. 7. Screws 83 pass through the guide blocks 82 and positioner cams 82' along the central axis of each and are threadedly received into threaded bores 66 that pass through cam mounting block 60 from flat bottom recesses 65 and 65' into cam mounting block counterbore 64 (FIG. 2).

Guide blocks 82 each have two substantially flat slide surfaces 82a and 82b and two substantially flat end surfaces 82c and 82d on their outer periphery. Similarly, skewed positioner cams 82' have slide surfaces 82a' and 82b' and end surfaces 82c' and 82d'. Guide blocks 82 are located 180° from each other and are mounted to cam mounting block 60 with their slide surfaces 82a and 82b lying on planes parallel to central axis 200 of cam mounting block 60. The two skewed positioner cams 82' are also located 180° from each other and are positioned with their skewed guide slide surfaces 82a' and 82b' lying on planes that are skewed from central axis 200 of cam mounting block 60.

Guide blocks 82 have their centers aligned with axis 200 and project radially outwardly through guide slots 85 provided in roller mounting block wall portions 86 and 87 on opposite sides of a roller mounting block 84. Guide blocks 82 support roller mounting block 84 for radial shifting on the guide blocks 82 between an inner position shown in FIG. 5 and an outer or eccentric position shown in FIG. 6. Movement of roller mounting block 84 between its inner and outer positions is effected by the reaction of skewed cams 82' with surfaces 85a' and 85b' of slots 85'.

Roller mounting block 84 includes a roller mounting block shaft portion 88 having a central axis 201 (FIGS. 5 and 6) and a roller mounting block guide portion 86 having a central axis 202. Roller mounting block guide portion 86 is substantially octagonal in shape and roller mounting block guide slots 85 and 85' pass through four of the eight side walls 87 spaced 90° apart from each other. Guide slots 85 are substantially rectangular in shape and are each dimensioned with two opposing guide slot guiding surfaces 85a and 85b spaced apart to allow for a sliding fit with two opposing guide surfaces 82a and 82b of guide blocks 82. End surfaces 85c and 85d are provided in slots 85; similarly, end surfaces 85c' and 85d' are provided in slots 85'.

Roller mounting block shaft portion 88 is substantially cylindrical in shape and extends with its central axis 201 parallel and eccentric to central axis 202 of roller mounting block guide portion 86, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Roller mounting block shaft portion 88 supports reforming roller 26 through two ball bearings 90 that are held in position on shaft portion 88 by cap screw 89 shown in FIG. 5.

A central radially extending support flange 92 of reforming roller 26 is sandwiched in between an outer roller guide 94 and an inner roller guide 96 that allow support flange 92 and reforming roller 26 to move radially, in a plane perpendicular to central axis 200 of tooling drive shaft 56, but not axially. Inner roller guide 96 and outer roller guide 94 are supported in a roller guide housing 100 that is substantially cylindrical in shape and has an outer end 101 and an inner end 102, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. An O-ring seal can be provided either on one of rollerguides 94 or 96, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, or on support flange 92, as shown in FIG. 6A.

Roller guide housing inner end 102 has internal threads that are engaged with external threads on slide bushing first end 50'. A roller guide housing spacer 106, as best shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, is positioned between an annular shoulder 107 spaced axially inwardly from roller guide housing inner end 102, and slide bushing first end 50'. Roller guide housing outer end 101 provides a support surface for a container holder 104 which acts as a support for can 28. Container holder 104 is removably attached to roller guide housing 100 by container holder bolts 103 and may be interchanged with another container holder having a different shape and/or dimensions to accommodate containers having various different lower end configurations. Container holder 104 may be constructed similarly to the jig 48 shown in the ANC patent, with a bottom peripheral profile portion 105, as shown in FIG. 5, that substantially corresponds in shape to outer annular wall 34 of container 28.

However, in another embodiment of the container holder, as shown in FIG. 6A, container holder 204 is manufactured so as to accommodate and support a variety of containers 28 having the same outer diameter of cylindrical side wall 33, but having outer annular wall 34 of varying profile. Container holder 204 also clamps annular outer roller guide 94, reforming roller support flange 92 and annular inner roller guide 96 against roller guide housing outer end 101, thereby ensuring the precise axial position of reforming roller 26 relative to can 28 supported on bottom peripheral profile surface 105. Outer roller guide 94 and inner roller guide 96 along with roller guide housing 100 and slide bushing 50 ensure that travel of reforming roller 26 will be limited to a single plane perpendicular to central axis 201 of roller mounting block shaft portion 88. Because central axis 201 of roller mounting block shaft portion 88 is parallel and eccentric to central axis 202 of roller mounting block guide portion 86, rotation of roller mounting block guide portion 86 results in reforming roller 26 orbiting central axis 202 of roller mounting guide portion 86.

Roller mounting block guide portion 86 is rotated by the rotation of cam mounting block 60 which is engaged with tooling drive shaft 56 through tangs 60a, 60b, 56a, and 56b. Rotation of cam mounting block 60 transmits a rotational force through guide blocks 82 and skewed positioner cams 82' to roller mounting block 84.

After a can 28 has been brought into position for processing, and is held in position on bottom peripheral profile surface 105, cam mounting block 60 is moved axially to the left as viewed in FIG. 5 along axis 200 towards can 28 by the cooperation of cam followers 22 with stationary cam 24. Tool drive ram assembly 20 transmits this axial movement to cam mounting block 60 through angular contact ball bearing assembly 58 and cam mounting block spacer 62.

Tooling drive shaft 56, and therefore cam mounting block 60, is continuously rotated by pinion drive gear 76, which is always meshed with large fixed central bull gear 80 (shown in FIG. 9). Therefore, reforming roller 26 continues to traverse a closed path and orbit the axis 200 of tooling drive shaft 56 even as the diameter of its closed path is varied from its retracted position of FIG. 5 to its extended position of FIG. 6 as a result of the axial movement of tool drive ram assembly 20.

As tool drive ram assembly 20, and therefore cam mounting block 60 is moved axially toward can 28 (toward the fully extended position shown in FIG. 6), skewed positioner cams 82' react against surfaces 85b' to force roller mounting block 84 to move in a radial direction (downward as viewed in FIG. 5) on parallel guide blocks 82 as skewed guide slide surfaces 82b' of cams 82' slide along mating skewed guide slot guiding surfaces 85b' until movement of cam mounting block 60 to the left (as in FIG. 5) is terminated. With tool drive ram assembly 20 in a fully extended (leftward) position (as shown in FIG. 6) roller mounting block shaft portion 88, and therefore reforming roller 26 is moved to its most eccentric position relative to the central axis 200 of tooling drive shaft 56, and reforming roller 26 orbits about a closed path with the largest possible diameter. As reforming roller 26 approaches this position it follows a substantially spiral path. Reforming roller 26 contacts annular, substantially vertical wall 38 on can 28 (shown in FIGS. 10-12) and completes the inside can base reforming operation while in the outermost position defined by the termination of its spiral path.

The radial retraction of reforming roller 26 from its most eccentric position shown in FIG. 6 is effected by the rightward axial retraction of tool drive ram assembly 20 along with cam mounting block 60. Parallel surfaces 82a and 82b of guide blocks 82 slidingly engage surfaces 85a and 85b within roller mounting block parallel guide slots 85 and transmit rotational force to roller mounting block 84, but do not provide any of the force in a radial direction for moving reforming roller 26. The radially inward and outward force on reforming roller 26 is created by the skewed guide cam slide surfaces 82a' and 82b' reacting with skewed surfaces 85a' and 85b' which converts the axial thrust from cam mounting block 60 into a radial force on roller mounting block 84. The radial movement of mounting block 84 results in the reforming roller 26 following a spiral path as it moves into contact with can 28 and again when retracting from the can.

Retraction of roller 26 from its most eccentric FIG. 6 position begins with movement of cam follower 22 to the right which moves mounting block 60 to the right and causes surfaces 82a' of skewed positioner cams 82' to react with surfaces 85a' of slots 85' so that shaft 88 is moved radially inward. The provision of skewed positioner cams 82' as well as parallel guide blocks 82 on a single cam mounting block 60, allows for a single actuating means for driving reforming roller 26 along an arcuate path to traverse wall 38 of can 28 and for actuating reforming roller 26 in a radial direction to bring roller 26 into contact with wall 38 and retract it therefrom.

In a second, preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single actuating means for driving the reforming roller along an arcuate path to traverse substantially vertical wall 38 of can 28 and for actuating the reforming roller in a radial direction to bring the roller into contact with wall 38 and retract it therefrom, comprises a simplified toggle-type mechanism, as shown in FIGS. 13-15. In this preferred embodiment, first end 56' of tooling drive shaft 56 is connected to a pivot base 220 in a similar fashion to the connection with cam mounting block 60, described above. The central axis of pivot base 220 coincides with central axis 200 of the tooling ram assembly. Axially extending tangs 220a and 220b are formed from two circumferentially spaced, 90 degree segments of a ring, with the centers of tangs 220a and 220b being spaced 180 degrees apart from each other so that tangs 220a and 220b can be interleaved with tangs 56a and 56b of tooling drive shaft 56.

Pivot base 220 is constructed with tangs 220a and 220b extending in a first axial direction from the center of one side of a disk-shaped portion 220c. An offset lug 220d extends in the opposite axial direction from the other side of disk-shaped portion 220c, as best seen in FIG. 15.

A central axial bore 220e passes through disk-shaped portion 220c and in between tangs 220a and 220b, and has a counterbore 220e' extending in from the same side of disk-shaped portion 220c as lug 220d, such that a bolt 63 can be passed through pivot base 220 and seated in counterbore 220e' in order to fixedly attach pivot base 220 to tooling drive shaft 56. Lug 220d protrudes from the side of disk-shaped portion 220c opposite tooling drive shaft 56, and is offset from the central axis of pivot base 220 such that as pivot base 220 is rotated, lug 220d orbits the central axis of pivot base 220. Lug 220d is provided with a through pin hole 220d' having a central axis offset from and perpendicular to the central axis of pivot base 220.

An H-shaped pivot arm 222 is pinned to pivot base 220 at lug 220d by a pivot pin 224 that passes through two legs of pivot arm 222 on a first axial end of pivot arm 222, and through pin hole 220d'. Pivot pin 224 is rotatably seated in cylindrical bushings 226 that are pressed into axially aligned holes 222a and 222b at the first axial end of pivot arm 222. Pivot pin 224 has a central notch 224a cut into its outer diameter in order to create a flat surface against which a set screw 225 can be seated to lock pivot pin 224 in place relative to lug 220d. Set screw 225 is threaded into a hole 220f having a central axis parallel to the central axis of pivot base 220 and passing through disk-shaped portion 220c and lug 220d into pin hole 220d'. Hence, pivot arm 222 has a single degree of rotational freedom, about pivot pin 224, relative to pivot base 220.

The second axial end of pivot arm 222 is similarly pinned to a pivot roller shaft 228. Pivot roller shaft 228 has a lug 228a that is offset from the central axis of pivot roller shaft 228. Lug 228a extends from one axial side of a central disk-shaped portion 228b, and a roller mounting shaft 228c extends from the opposite axial side of disk-shaped portion 228b. Pivot pin 224 extends through bushings 226 that are pressed into axially aligned pin holes 222c and 222d at the second axial end of pivot arm 222. Pivot pin 224 is locked in place relative to pivot roller shaft 228 by a set screw 225. Set screw 225 passes through a hole in lug 228a and is oriented with its axis perpendicular to the central axis of pivot roller shaft 228.

Roller mounting shaft 228c of pivot roller shaft 228 rotatably supports reforming roller 230 on a roller bearing 232 that is press fit into a central axial bore through reforming roller 230. Reforming roller 230 is supported in like manner to reforming roller 26 of the first embodiment of the present invention, with a radially extending support flange 230a being sandwiched in between a disk-shaped outer roller guide 240 and a disk-shaped inner roller guide 242.

A substantially cylindrical tooling holder 244 is mounted to the slide bushing first end 50', as shown in FIG. 13. Slide bushing first end 50' fits over tooling holder first end 244' and abuts against a radially extending flange 244". An annular spacer 246 of predetermined dimensions can be placed between tooling holder first end 244' and radially extending flange 244", as shown in FIG. 13, in order to adjust the axial spacing of tooling holder 244 relative to tool drive ram assembly 20. Inner roller guide 242 is supported in a counterbore that is provided in from the second end 244"' of tooling holder 244. Tooling holder 244 is connected to slide bushing first end 50' by a locking ring 248 that engages with radially extending flange 244" and is internally threaded to meshingly engage with external threads on slide bushing first end 50'. Outer roller guide 240 is supported in axially spaced relationship with inner roller guide 242 by a can holder 304 that is connected to tooling holder second end 244"' by a second locking ring 250. Outer roller guide 240 sits in a counterbore provided in from the axial end of can holder 304 opposite the axial end of can holder 304 that is provided with contoured surfaces to mate with portions of the bottom end of a can. The proper positioning of reforming roller 230 relative to a can 28 is assured by machining can holder 304 with the counterbore for outer roller guide 240 spaced axially at the proper distance from the contoured surfaces for supporting can 28.

In a preferred embodiment, can holder 304 supports can 28 along part of the annular arcuate portion 34 joining the cylindrical side wall 33 of can 28 to the outer periphery of convex U-shaped portion 35, and along the bottommost edge of the can. However, the can holder does not contact the can in an annular region of the outer periphery of the convex, U-shaped portion that is in radial alignment with the arcuate path traveled by the reforming roller on substantially vertical wall 38 connected to the inner periphery of convex U-shaped portion 35.

Inner and outer roller guides 242 and 240, can holder 304, and tooling holder 244 ensure that reforming roller 230 can not be moved axially relative to slide bushing 50 and radial supports 18 and 19. Therefore, as tool drive ram assembly 20 is driven axially by the interaction of cam followers 22 with cam 24, pivot base 220 is moved axially, forcing pivot arm 222 to drive pivot roller shaft 228, and hence reforming roller 230, radially outward. Simultaneous rotation of tooling drive shaft 56 causes pivot base lug 220d to orbit central axis 200 and hence rotate pivot arm 222 such that reforming roller 230 travels in a spiraling outward path as tool drive ram assembly 20 is driven to the left in FIG. 13.

Therefore, pivot arm 222 provides a single actuating means for driving reforming roller 230 to orbit longitudinal axis 200, while moving reforming roller 230 in a radially outward direction relative to axis 200, thereby bringing reforming roller 230 gradually into contact with substantially vertical wall 38 of can 28 while traversing and reforming wall 38. Pivot base 220 and tooling drive shaft 56 provide means for moving pivot arm 222 in a direction along axis 200 and means for rotating pivot arm 222 about axis 200.

Modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments of the present invention are possible, as appreciated by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

List of Designators

S annular shoulder

18 support

19 support

20 tool drive ram assembly

20' ram assembly first end

20" ram assembly second end

21 outer peripheral surface of 20'

22 cam followers

23 main shaft

24 fixed cam

25 main frame

26 reforming roller

28 can

30 can push ram

31 fixed cam

33 can side wall

34 can outer annular wall

35 can convex U-shaped portion

36 can preformed bottom wall

37 can center domed portion

38 can annular substantially vertical wall

40 vacuum starwheel

42 took drive ram assembly central axial bore

44 ram assembly intermediate connecting portion

46 cam follower retainer nuts

48 slide bushing axial bore

50 slide bushing

50' slide bushing first end

50" slide bushing second end

52 grease fitting

54 oil seals

56 tooling drive shaft

56' tooling drive shaft first end

56" tooling drive shaft second end

56a and 56b tooling drive shaft tangs

57 tooling drive shaft blind bore

58 ball bearing assembly

58a inner race of ball bearing assembly

58b outer race of ball bearing assembly

59 bearing cap

60 cam mounting block

60a and 60b cam mounting block tangs

61 cam mounting block shoulder

62 cam mounting block spacer

63 cam mounting block screw

64 cam mounting block counterbore

65 guide cam recess

65' skewed recesses

66 cam mounting block threaded bores

70 self-aligning ball bearing assembly

72 ram assembly shoulder

74 Belleville Washers

76 pinion drive gear

78 bearing lock nut

80 bull gear

82 parallel guide blocks

82a and 82b parallel guide slide surfaces

82c and 82d parallel guide cam end surfaces

82' skewed positioner cams

82a' and 82b' skewed guide slide surfaces

82c' and 82d' skewed guide end surfaces

83 guide cam screw

84 roller mounting block

85 roller mounting block parallel guide slot

85a' and 85b' parallel guide slot guiding surfaces

85c and 85d parallel guide slot end surfaces

85' roller mounting block skewed guide slot

85a" and 85b" skewed guide slot guiding surfaces

85c' and 85d' skewed guide slot stop surfaces

86 roller mounting block guide portion

87 guide portion side wall

88 roller mounting block shaft portion

89 roller mounting block cap screw

90 roller mounting block ball bearings

92 reforming roller central support flange

94 outer roller guide

95 O-ring seal

96 inner roller guide

100 roller guide housing

101 roller guide housing outer end

102 roller guide housing inner end

103 container holder bolts

104 container holder

105 bottom peripheral profile surface

106 roller guide housing spacer

107 roller guide housing annular shoulder

200 central axis of tooling ram assembly

201 central axis of roller mounting block shaft portion

202 central axis of roller mounting block guide portion

204 can holder

220 pivot base

220a and 220b tangs

220c disk-shaped portion

220d lug

220d' pin hole

220e central bore

220e' counterbore

220f set screw bore

222 pivot arm

220a, 222b, 222c and 222d pin holes

224 pivot pin

224a a notch

225 set screw

226 bushing

228 pivot roller shaft

228a lug

228b disk-shaped portion

228c roller mounting shaft

228d set screw bore

230 reforming roller

230a radially extending support flange

232 roller bearing

240 outer roller guide

242 inner roller guide

244 tooling holder

244' first end tooling holder

244" radially extending flange

244"' second end tooling holder

246 spacer

248 locking ring

250 locking ring 

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for reforming the base of a cylindrical container having a longitudinal axis, and a substantially vertical wall concentric with said longitudinal axis and extending from the base of the container joining a center domed portion of the base to an annular flange-like ridge on the base, said apparatus comprising:means for supporting said container; a reforming roller; a single actuating means for driving said reforming roller to orbit said longitudinal axis, while moving said roller in a radially outward direction relative to said longitudinal axis, thereby bringing said roller gradually into contact with said substantially vertical wall of said container while traversing and reforming said substantially vertical wall; and for moving said single actuating means in a direction along an axis coinciding with said longitudinal axis and means for rotating said single actuating means about said axis, with said means for moving said single actuating means being connected to said single actuating means such that said single actuating means has a single degree of rotational freedom relative to said means for moving said single actuating means.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:said reforming roller is rotatably supported by mounting means; and said mounting means is supported on said single actuating means with said mounting means having a single degree of rotational freedom relative to said single actuating means.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2, further including:a roller guide disk supported in fixed axial position relative to said means for supporting said container; said reforming roller including a radially extending support flange; and said radially extending support flange being in sliding engagement with said roller guide disk such that said reforming roller is restrained from axial movement relative to said means for supporting said container.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said single actuating means is a pivot arm having a first and a second axial end;said first axial end of said pivot arm being connectedly pinned to a pivot base having a central axis, and a central axis of said pinned connection being parallel to a first plane containing the central axis of said pivot base and perpendicular to a second plane containing the central axis of said pivot base; said pivot base being fixedly connected to a tooling drive shaft with said pivot base central axis being coextensive with a central axis of said tooling drive shaft and with said tooling drive shaft providing axial and rotational driving forces to said pivot base; said second axial end of said pivot arm being connectedly pinned to a pivot roller shaft; and said reforming roller being rotatably mounted on said pivot roller shaft.
 5. The apparatus of claim 4, further including:a roller guide disk supported in fixed axial position relative to said means for supporting said container; said reforming roller including a radially extending support flange; and said radially extending support flange being in sliding engagement with said roller guide disk such that said reforming roller is restrained from axial movement relative to said means for supporting said container.
 6. An apparatus for reforming the base of a cylindrical container wherein said apparatus comprises:means for supporting said container; a drive shaft having a central axis; means for rotating said drive shaft about its central axis; means for reciprocating said drive shaft in the direction of its axis; a pivot base member being connected to one end of said drive shaft, said pivot base member having an eccentric lug protruding therefrom; a pivot arm having a first end and a second end with said first end being connectedly pinned to said eccentric lug; a pivot roller shaft, with said pivot roller shaft being connectedly pinned to said second end of said pivot arm; and a reforming roller being rotatably supported on said pivot roller shaft.
 7. The apparatus of claim 6, further including:a roller guide disk supported in fixed axial position relative to said means for supporting said container; said reforming roller including a radially extending support flange; and said radially extending support flange being in sliding engagement with said roller guide disk such that said reforming roller is restrained from axial movement relative to said means for supporting said container.
 8. An apparatus for reforming the base of a cylindrical container having a longitudinal axis wherein said apparatus comprises:means for supporting said container; a drive shaft having a central axis; said drive shaft being rotatably supported relative to said means for supporting said container such that said drive shaft central axis is coextensive with said container longitudinal axis; means for rotating said drive shaft about its central axis; means for reciprocating said drive shaft in the direction of its axis; a reforming roller; a pivot arm for driving said reforming roller to orbit said longitudinal axis, while moving said roller in a radially outward direction relative to said longitudinal axis, thereby bringing said roller gradually into contact with said substantially vertical wall of said container while traversing and reforming said substantially vertical wall; and said pivot arm being connected at one end to said drive shaft such that said pivot arm has one degree of rotational freedom relative to said drive shaft and being connected at another end to said reforming roller.
 9. An apparatus for reforming the base of a cylindrical container having a longitudinal axis, an outer periphery and a substantially vertical wall concentric with said longitudinal axis and extending from the base of the container joining a center domed portion of the base to an annular flange-like ridge on the base, said apparatus comprising:means for supporting said container; a reforming roller; a single actuating means for driving said reforming roller to orbit said longitudinal axis, while moving said roller in a radially outward direction relative to said longitudinal axis, thereby bringing said roller gradually into contact with said substantially vertical wall of said container while traversing and reforming said substantially vertical wall; and means for moving said single actuating means in a direction along an axis coinciding with said longitudinal axis and means for rotating said single actuating means about said axis; said means for supporting said container having axially spaced arcuate surfaces for contacting said container along portions of the outer periphery of said container that are limited to areas of said container that are axially offset from a plane defined by the orbital path traveled by said reforming roller.
 10. An apparatus for reforming the base of a cylindrical container having a longitudinal axis, and a substantially vertical wall concentric with said longitudinal axis and extending from the base of the container joining a center domed portion of the base to an annular flange-like ridge on the base, said apparatus comprising:means for supporting said container; a reforming roller; a single actuating means for driving said reforming roller to orbit said longitudinal axis, while moving said roller in a radially outward direction relative to said longitudinal axis, thereby bringing said roller gradually into contact with said substantially vertical wall of said container while traversing and reforming said substantially vertical wall; means for moving said single actuating means in a direction along an axis coinciding with said longitudinal axis and for rotating said single actuating means about said axis, with said means for moving said single actuating means being connected to said single actuating means such that said single actuating means has a single degree of rotational freedom relative to said means for moving said single actuating means; and wherein said means for supporting said container has axially spaced arcuate surfaces for contacting said container along portions of an outer periphery of said container that are limited to areas of said container that are not in radial alignment with the orbital path along which said reforming roller is driven by said single actuating means.
 11. An apparatus for reforming the base of a cylindrical container having a longitudinal axis wherein said apparatus comprises:means for supporting said container; a drive shaft having a central axis; said drive shaft being rotatably supported relative to said means for supporting said container such that said drive shaft central axis is coextensive with said container longitudinal axis; means for rotating said drive shaft about is central axis; means for reciprocating said drive shaft in the direction of its axis; a reforming roller; a pivot arm for driving said reforming roller to orbit said longitudinal axis, while moving said roller in a radially outward direction relative to said longitudinal axis, thereby bringing said roller gradually into contact with said substantially vertical wall of said container while traversing and reforming said substantially vertical wall; said pivot arm being connected at one end to said drive shaft such that said pivot arm has one degree of rotational freedom relative to said drive shaft and being connected at another end to said reforming roller; and wherein said means for supporting said container includes spaced annular surfaces for contacting said container along portions of an. 